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The Ius Regale Montanorum is regarded as the oldest Czech mining code of law. It was issued in 1300 by King Wenceslas II in Latin. This legal document aimed to address shortcomings in the mining administration of the time and clearly define the rights and obligations of miners and landowners in areas where mineral resources were extracted within the Kingdom of Bohemia. The text was created not only by the monarch and royal officials, but also by prominent legal experts, such as the Italian professor Gozio ab Orvieto.
To facilitate navigation through the sometimes complex text, the code was divided into four sections: the Book on Persons, on Mines, on Concessions, and on Claims. This code influenced the development of mining law in surrounding countries, such as Poland, and remained in force in Bohemia until 1854.
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